[Pdf-women] Women's Health & Primary Care - The Alma-Ata Declaration

[Soloveni Vitoso]

World Health Organization
http://www.who.int/topics/womens_health/en/
Women's Health
[http://www.who.int/sysmedia/images/topics/womens_health.jpg]Being a man or a woman has a significant impact on health, as a result of both biological and gender-related differences. The health of women and girls is of particular concern because, in many societies, they are disadvantaged by discrimination rooted in sociocultural factors.
Some of the sociocultural factors that prevent women and girls to benefit from quality health services and attaining the best possible level of health include:

  *   unequal power relationships between men and women;
  *   social norms that decrease education and paid employment opportunities;
  *   an exclusive focus on women's reproductive roles; and
  *   potential or actual experience of physical, sexual and emotional violence.
While poverty is an important barrier to positive health outcomes for both men and women, poverty tends to yield a higher burden on women and girls' health due to, for example, feeding practices (malnutrition) and use of unsafe cooking fuels (COPD).
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This is a historical document but often referenced in policy analysis of the importance of primary health care for citizens, for civil society - WUNRN.
Those who ratified the Declaration of Alma-Ata hoped that it would be the first step toward achieving health for all by the year 2000. Although that goal was not achieved, the Declaration of Alma-Ata still stands as an outline for the future of international healthcare.
The Alma-Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care
Declaration of Full 3-Page Declaration of Alma-Ata:
http://www.who.int/publications/almaata_declaration_en.pdf

In September 1978, the International Conference on Primary Health Care was held in Alma-Ata, USSR (now Almaty, Kazakhstan). The Declaration of Alma-Ata, co-sponsored by the World Health Organization (WHO), is a brief document that expresses "the need for urgent action by all governments, all health and development workers, and the world community to protect and promote the health of all the people of the world." It was the first international declaration stating the importance of primary health care and outlining the world governments' role and responsibilities to the health of the world's citizens.
The Declaration of Alma-Ata begins by stating that health, "which is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, is a fundamental human right and that the attainment of the highest possible level of health is a most important world-wide social goal . . . " It goes on to call for all governments, regardless of politics and conflicts, to work together toward global health. These are still some of the fundamental tenets that guide the work of the WHO today.
Those who ratified the Declaration of Alma-Ata hoped that it would be the first step toward achieving health for all by the year 2000. Although that goal was not achieved, the Declaration of Alma-Ata still stands as an outline for the future of international healt
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