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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal">WUNRN<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.wunrn.com">http://www.wunrn.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://unhabitat.org/programme/safer-cities"><span style="color:blue">Safer Cities | UN-Habitat (unhabitat.org)</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center;background:#F1F1F2">
<span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Roboto Condensed";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Safer Cities - Women & Children Most Vulnerable - UN Habitat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><img border="0" width="813" height="705" style="width:8.4722in;height:7.3472in" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D99EE7.9D731820" alt="Safer Cities"></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center;background:#F1F1F2">
<b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Roboto Condensed";color:black;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center;background:#F1F1F2">
<b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Roboto Condensed";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Overview<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:#F1F1F2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Urbanization, particularly in the developing world, has been accompanied by increased levels of crime,
violence and lawlessness. The growing violence and feeling of insecurity that city dwellers are facing daily is one of the major challenges around the world. In some countries, crime and violence have been exacerbated by the proliferation of weapons, substance
abuse and youth unemployment. Global studies show that 60% of all urban residents in developing countries have been victims of crime, at least once over the past five years, 70% of them in Latin America and Africa. Without a deliberate effort to address this
situation, the prospects of future development and poverty reduction are limited.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:#F1F1F2"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#C00000;mso-ligatures:none">Crime and violence have impacts on the everyday life of city residents. Women and children are often
the most affected, especially when fear hinders their access to services. The impacts of crime and insecurity restrict urban social and economic development, and often jeopardize opportunities and pro-poor policies.
<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:#F1F1F2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">With twenty-three years of experience, the Safer Cities programme has implemented effective urban safety
programmes in 77 cities and towns in 24 countries around the world. The approach embraces a more holistic and participatory solution to reduce or prevent crime and violence. It supports cities and towns in adopting city-wide urban safety strategies and action
plans, building on socially inclusive and participatory approaches that contribute to a safer and just city for all.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:#F1F1F2"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Over the past 23 years, the programme has implemented effective urban safety and security programmes
in 77 cities and towns in 24 countries.</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center;background:white">
<b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Roboto Condensed";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">The urban crime prevention approach<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">The Programme started with the “Urban Crime Prevention Approach” which focused on the three pillars of:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Institutional crime and violence prevention – promoting the role of local government in providing safety and security for their inhabitants, promoting
alternative forms of policing (community policing and problem-oriented policing), alternative forms of justice and bringing justice closer to the people (e.g. tribunals and traditional community conflict mediation mechanisms)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Social crime prevention – focusing on youth at risk and women and girls safety<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;background:white">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">The physical environment<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center;background:#F1F1F2">
<b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Roboto Condensed";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">The multi-dimensional approach to urban safety<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:#F1F1F2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">The second phase focused on the multi-dimensional approach to urban safety and two new areas were added
to the equation:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;background:#F1F1F2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Security of tenure and forced evictions – land ownership is often the cause of a lot of violence and conflict (e.g. Colombia and Kenya)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;background:#F1F1F2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Natural disaster and conflicts also cause situations of lawlessness and provides a window for insecurity to rise (e.g. Hurricane Catherina and
the earthquake in Haiti – were followed by a situation of complete lawlessness when the institutions crumbled!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center;background:white">
<b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Roboto Condensed";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Enhancing safety through planning, management and governance<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">The third phase has again expanded with another dimension: Enhancing safety through planning, management
and governance.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo6;background:white">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">The planning (and also the un-planning) of cities has an effect on safety and people’s feelings of safety<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo6;background:white">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">The management of the city streets and public spaces is also key to ensure that neighborhoods are kept safe – this is not only the role of the
local authority, there are models where community ownership and management is crucial in ensuring that these spaces are safe.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo6;background:white">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Good governance and well-functioning governments support safe cities – cities with weak governance are cities often rife with crime and violence.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">This phase considers the citywide plan for safety as a planning tool for social integration, focusing
on neighbourhood planning with tools for community appropriation, access rights and allocation of streets and public spaces as sites for the construction of citizenship values. The three phases should not be seen as separate phases, but more as building layers
on top of each other, refining and enhancing each other – moving towards a more comprehensive approach on urban safety rather than narrowly focusing on crime and violence prevention.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Roboto Condensed";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Local authorities and safer cities<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:#F1F1F2"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Local authorities have a key role to play in addressing the issues of safety. Success depends on partnerships
between local governments and other stakeholders. The Safer Cities Programme support local authorities in developing and implementing safety strategies using a systematic approach:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8;background:#F1F1F2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Identifying and mobilizing diverse local partners who can contribute to reducing insecurity;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8;background:#F1F1F2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Creating a local safety coalition/partnership led by a public leader;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8;background:#F1F1F2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Assessing, measuring and understanding the safety and security issues on the neighbourhood and city level;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8;background:#F1F1F2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Developing a local crime prevention/urban safety strategy and a detailed plan of action;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8;background:#F1F1F2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Implementing the strategy and action plan through initiatives that improve social cohesions and community engagement in prevention;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8;background:#F1F1F2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none">Institutionalization of the participatory approach by incorporating safety as a cross-cutting dimension in various departments and institutions
of local government, criminal justice system and civil society. This requires capacity development, coaching and sometimes institutional reform.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Roboto Condensed";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Related Sustainable Development Goals<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><img border="0" width="220" height="220" style="width:2.2916in;height:2.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_10" src="cid:image002.png@01D99EE7.9D731820" alt="SDG 3 logo"></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><img border="0" width="220" height="220" style="width:2.2916in;height:2.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_11" src="cid:image003.png@01D99EE7.9D731820" alt="SDG 5 logo"></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><img border="0" width="220" height="220" style="width:2.2916in;height:2.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_12" src="cid:image004.png@01D99EE7.9D731820" alt="SDG 11 logo"></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><img border="0" width="220" height="220" style="width:2.2916in;height:2.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_13" src="cid:image005.png@01D99EE7.9D731820" alt="SDG 16 logo"></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><img border="0" width="220" height="220" style="width:2.2916in;height:2.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_14" src="cid:image006.png@01D99EE8.105AFCE0" alt="SDG 17 logo"></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#212529;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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