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<span style="color:#1F497D">HAITI – MORE CRISES – PROTRACTED PROTESTS & VIOLENCE – POLITICAL UPHEAVALS – ABJECT POVERTY – AID UNCERTAINTIES</span></p>
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<span style="color:#1F497D">ALLEGED CORRUPTION – EDGE OF HUMANITARIAN DISASTER – DETERIORATING HEALTH SERVICES – HIGH RISKS FOR WOMEN & GIRLS</span><span lang="EN" style="color:white"></span></p>
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<span style="color:#1F497D">FULL ARTICLE - </span><span lang="EN" style="font-family:proxima-nova">PORT-AU-PRINCE, 19 February 2019 -
<a href="https://www.irinnews.org/news/2019/02/19/briefing-haiti-s-new-crisis-and-humanitarian-risks?utm_source=IRIN+-+the+inside+story+on+emergencies&utm_campaign=481f959817-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_12_03_05_37_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d842d98289-481f959817-15654885" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
https://www.irinnews.org/news/2019/02/19/briefing-haiti-s-new-crisis-and-humanitarian-risks?utm_source=IRIN+-+the+inside+story+on+emergencies&utm_campaign=481f959817-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_12_03_05_37_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d842d98289-481f959817-15654885</a></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN" style="font-family:proxima-nova">The last decade has been cruel to Haiti: one of the world’s deadliest ever
<a href="http://www.irinnews.org/news/2010/09/15" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<b><span style="color:#165B9A; text-decoration:none">earthquakes</span></b></a> struck in 2010;
<a href="https://www.irinnews.org/news/2016/12/01/un-chief-apologises-haiti-cholera-six-years-later" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<b><span style="color:#165B9A; text-decoration:none">cholera</span></b></a>, brought in accidentally by UN peacekeepers, then ravaged the country for years afterwards, claiming at least 10,000 lives; and, in October 2016,
<a href="https://www.irinnews.org/interview/2016/10/19/why-haiti-wasn-t-ready-hurricane-qa-jonathan-katz" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<b><span style="color:#165B9A; text-decoration:none">Hurricane Matthew</span></b></a> wiped out 90 percent of buildings along the southern coast at an estimated cost of $1.9 billion.</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN" style="font-family:proxima-nova">The Caribbean country is now gripped by deadly protests over allegations of government corruption and the crippling effects of stubbornly high inflation – protests that could bring down President Jovenel Moďse
and have already plunged the nation of 11 million people into renewed uncertainty.</span></p>
<p><b><span lang="EN" style="font-family:proxima-nova">Full Article</span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-family:proxima-nova"> -
<a href="https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article226169345.html" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article226169345.html</a></span></p>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">“I’m afraid we are going to see many women with complicated pregnancies die unnecessarily,” said Dr. Winfred S. Tovar, the founder and executive director of Mimsi International, a
nonprofit that provides free pregnancy care to women in the country’s rural south and operates a monthly mobile pregnancy clinic.</span></p>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">__________________________________________________________________________________</span><span style="color:#1F497D"></span></p>
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<b>From:</b> WUNRN LISTSERVE [mailto:wunrn1@gmail.com] <br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, January 20, 2019 6:16 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> WUNRN ListServe (wunrn_listserve@lists.wunrn.com) <wunrn_listserve@lists.wunrn.com><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Haiti - Inside Lens on Realities for Haitian Children of Foreign "Development"</p>
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WUNRN</p>
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<a href="http://www.wunrn.com/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">http://www.wunrn.com</a></p>
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<a href="https://www.truthdig.com/articles/haitis-forgotten-women-and-children/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">https://www.truthdig.com/articles/haitis-forgotten-women-and-children/</a></p>
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<span style="font-size:14.0pt">HAITI – INSIDE LENS ON REALITIES FOR HAITIAN CHILDREN OF FOREIGN “DEVELOPMENT”
</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Symbol; color:#C00000"><span style="">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">In Haiti there is historically and in modern times, the system of <i>restavčk</i> (derived from the French “reste avec,” meaning “to stay with”), a form of slavery in which
children are sent to relatives or strangers by their parents, ostensibly to gain an education they would not otherwise have. Under these arrangements, in exchange for room and board, education and/or money, the child is required to work, often for excessively
long hours and at laborious chores. In fact, most of these children never see the inside of a classroom.
</span><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#C00000"><a href="https://restavekfreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Protecting-Human-Rights-in-Haiti-Program_Yon-Ayiti-San-Restavek.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color:#C00000; text-decoration:none">Girls
make up 65 percent</span></a> of <i>restavčks, </i>and are overwhelmingly the primary
<a href="https://restavekfreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Protecting-Human-Rights-in-Haiti-Program_Yon-Ayiti-San-Restavek.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#C00000; text-decoration:none">victims of physical and sexual violence</span></a>, in addition to being trafficked for international sexual exploitation.</span></b><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:ProximaNova; color:#C00000"></span></b></p>
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<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:ProximaNova; color:#363636"><img border="0" width="626" height="417" id="Picture_x0020_1" alt="https://www.truthdig.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/haitivigo.jpg" style="width: 6.5208in; height: 4.3437in; user-select: none;" src="cid:image003.jpg@01D4B0EC.327229A0"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:ProximaNova; color:#363636">A woman walks through an earthquake damaged area in Port-au-Prince.
</span><span style="font-family:ProximaNova; color:#363636">(Ramon Espinosa / AP)</span></p>
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<span style="font-family:ProximaNova; color:#363636"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size:10.5pt; font-family:ProximaNova; color:#0D0D0D; letter-spacing:.4pt">By
<a href="https://www.truthdig.com/author/jvigo/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#0D0D0D; text-transform:uppercase; text-decoration:none">Julian Vigo</span></a> - January 17, 2019</span><span style="font-family:ProximaNova; color:#0D0D0D"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:ProximaNova; color:#363636"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">I lived in Haiti in 2010, arriving six weeks after the January earthquake. I initially worked at a children’s hospital, where I was assigned to a ward full of toddlers, all but one of whom were
female, most of them abandoned. I was to change diapers, feed and bathe the children, and do whatever else the staff nurses needed. On my third day, a woman from an American nongovernmental organization (NGO) came to our wing and ordered the Haitian nurses
about in a troubling manner. She instructed them to prepare the children for photo shoots. She then walked through the ward as a photographer clicked away, while she picked up children and pulled every Princess Diana pose in the book.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">I was disturbed by this scene, as were the nurses, who told me that they could not ask this woman to stop, for fear of losing their jobs. So I intervened and reminded her that she was violating
<a href="http://www.unhcr.org/uk/privacy-policy.html" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">U.N. regulations</span></a> regarding the safety and privacy of the children. The woman explained that she planned to use these pictures as promotional material for her orphanage in Cuernavaca, Mexico. I reminded
her again that these children were considered refugees and that she had no right to take their photos. Long story short, that was the shortest-lived job I ever had. I was shown the door two hours later.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">This experience was one of many reminders of how the lives of Haitian children were turned into capitalist fodder for the “humanitarian” market. I would also learn in the following weeks that this
hospital, although it provided some useful services for children, was caught up in questionable alliances with fake orphanages that trafficked children out of the country, especially in the months following the earthquake, when adoptions were hastened by the
government. This same post-earthquake adoption program was later qualified as “forced migration” in the 2012 edition of the annual
<a href="https://www.ifrc.org/Global/Documents/Secretariat/201410/WDR%202014.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">World Disasters Report</span></a>.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">Before the 2010 earthquake, UNICEF estimates that 50,000 Haitian children were living in child care institutions. Between 70 percent and 90 percent still have
<a href="https://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/unicef%20best%20interest%20document_web_re-supply.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">one living parent</span></a>. The word “orphan” in Haiti was a common misnomer, because most children in these orphanages had been abandoned or had a parent who was economically unable to care for them. Many
were placed into institutions by families who hoped that their child would be adopted and raised in a wealthier Western nation. This attitude is not uncommon in Haiti, and in the months following the earthquake, there was an uptick in the number of children
who were dropped off at orphanages, children’s hospitals and churches, as this was one of the only options for the country’s most economically disenfranchised. Among the children abandoned to orphanages and internationally adopted, females make up the largest
percentage of trafficked children. And the vast majority of these female children are trafficked for the sole purpose of rape.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">Children in Haiti are viewed as exploitable—be it by the NGOs or the U.N., which are ready to use their faces as invitations for donors to send money. Many male NGO workers have been found to have
<a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/02/09/oxfam-denies-claims-prostitute-cover-up-haiti-earthquake-aid/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">exploited women sexually</span></a> in return for food and shelter, a fact made public in 2018 with the
<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-43043923" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">Oxfam scandal</span></a>. What is less well-known is that there are men who specifically enter the field of humanitarian aid in order to gain
<a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/oxfam-latest-sex-scandal-prostitution-rape-children-haiti-warned-2008-save-the-children-a8214781.html" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">easy access to children</span></a><i>.
</i>And a remarkable number of them succeed in exploiting these children. Outside the vast network of development agencies, there is a wider system lurking in the most economically deprived areas of the country where traffickers have established themselves.
Female children are most at risk in Haiti, and the presence of NGOs has not made them any safer. If anything, it has exacerbated the situation.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">To complicate matters more is Haiti’s history with
<i>restavčk</i> (derived from the French “reste avec,” meaning “to stay with”), a form of slavery in which children are sent to relatives or strangers by their parents, ostensibly to gain an education they would not otherwise have. Under these arrangements,
in exchange for room and board, education and/or money, the child is required to work, often for excessively long hours and at laborious chores. In fact, most of these children never see the inside of a classroom.
<a href="https://restavekfreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Protecting-Human-Rights-in-Haiti-Program_Yon-Ayiti-San-Restavek.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">Girls make up 65 percent</span></a> of
<i>restavčks, </i>and are overwhelmingly the primary <a href="https://restavekfreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Protecting-Human-Rights-in-Haiti-Program_Yon-Ayiti-San-Restavek.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">victims of physical and sexual violence</span></a>, in addition to being trafficked for international sexual exploitation. Studies show that 30 percent of all Haitians have
<i>restavčks</i> working for them and that 16 percent of Haitian children are placed as
<i>restavčks.</i> In Port-au-Prince’s Cite Soleil district, 44 percent of children have been placed as
<i>restavčks</i>. While there are no official figures on the number of <i>restavčks</i> in Haiti, their numbers are estimated at
<a href="https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2011/country-chapters/haiti" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">between 150,000 and 500,000</span></a>; the NGO
<a href="https://restavekfreedom.org/issue/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">Restavek Freedom</span></a> estimates the number at 300,000. In a<a href="https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR121/FR121.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">
2000 study</span></a> in which Haitian household heads were asked if unrelated children in their homes were r<i>estavčk</i> children, 4 percent of all children between the ages of 5 and 14 were identified as
<i>restavčks;</i> girls were twice as likely to be <i>restavčks</i> as boys. Urban areas had twice the rate of
<i>restavčks</i> as rural areas.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">The NGOs, the U.N. agencies, the foreigners seeking to adopt a Haitian child and the Haitian parents who send their children away as
<i>restavčks</i> believe that their plans offer a better life for the children. But the reality is different. In the cases of many international adoptions, the paperwork has served as a cover for trafficking. Many of these children were not placed in families
but were trafficked and made to work on Dominican sugarcane plantations, and many female children were prostituted to tourists all over the country. There are even cases of these children’s bodies used for
<a href="http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/americas/01/27/haiti.earthquake.orphans/index.html" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">organ harvesting</span></a>.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636"><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0021934710395389" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">The NGOs</span></a>
are buttressed by a <a href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/young-professionals-in-foreign-policy/haitis-multi-billion-doll_b_8207494.html" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">multibillion-dollar market</span></a> that uses private money to influence public and political policy, inevitably destabilizing
<a href="http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=1662345&fileOId=1662346" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">the country’s infrastructures</span></a> while doing nothing to strengthen the safeguarding of children. So the notion that children within Haiti are
<a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0907568211415297" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">more “in danger”</span></a> is a lie successfully spun by the very agencies and individuals in whose
<a href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=9UIEAQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR3&dq=ngo+influence+haiti+child+protection&ots=Ock3Q2lJEQ&sig=e5_hE6rtj0r6kimMP5b9kaTRMlQ#v=onepage&q=ngo%20influence%20haiti%20child%20protection&f=false" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">economic interest</span></a> it is to move these children either outside of Haiti or into the most precarious of social conditions.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">No longer working for the children’s hospital, I found housing with three local teachers who had a luxurious villa in one of the most expensive parts of Port-au-Prince. I rented a sleeping space
on the floor in the hallway, along with a dozen other aid workers. The teachers had been raised within the pervasive NGO system from childhood, each having been sponsored by a German family through the NGO
<a href="https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">SOS Children’s Villages</span></a>, from whom they received money for school and clothing; they were even sent to Germany to live for a year with their sponsors. Having learned firsthand about the lucrativeness
of nonprofits in Haiti, when these women reached adulthood, they formed an orphanage-school in the Carrefour Feuilles area of Port-au-Prince using a similar funding model relying upon international donors, the promise of the betterment of young lives and a
promising future through education. One of the women, Maryse, hearing that I was a university professor, asked that I help out at the school. My first day involved helping with rubble removal. Everyone in the community formed a long human chain, handing bucket
after bucket of rubble to the next person to clear the area. This school was in ruins, yet this teacher had a very posh existence: a large house, a private car and driver, an orphanage and school. I saw few students that first day.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">About 16 students came to school the next day, at a temporary structure. Then, one of the teachers—Gerandal—asked to speak with me. As we stood outside on a balcony, she told me she suspected that
the school was a front for child trafficking. Two dozen children had been missing from the orphanage-school since the earthquake. Maryse refused to tell Gerandal where the children were. Gerandal gestured to the cityscape of Port-au-Prince in front of us,
pointing to specific rooftops, saying, “There, there, there and there were all orphanages, and now all those children are also missing.” I promised Gerandal that I would speak to Maryse later that day and report back. But Gerandal said she would not be returning
the next day, as she was nervous about the power these women could hold over her and her family.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">Later that day, over dinner with other volunteers, I asked Maryse about the missing children from the orphanage-school. Shockingly, she admitted to having run 24 children over the border to her
brother’s “orphanage” in Santo Domingo the day after the earthquake. Everyone at the table was stupefied as she explained the operation, justifying her actions by speculating what would have transpired had the children remained in the country. She claimed
that she and her brother were going to find loving families for these children—extremely unlikely, since adoptions in the Dominican Republic are tightly controlled by
<a href="http://conani.gob.do/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">the state’s agency</span></a>, El Consejo Nacional para la Nińez y Adolescencia, or The National Council for Children and Adolescents.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">Like members of other NGOs, Maryse viewed the trafficking of these children to the Dominican Republic as creating a “better life” for them. She seemed inured to the violence these children would
face, because they were a steady meal ticket for her, her colleagues and her brother who managed the “orphanage” on the Dominican side. It was then that I began to use air quotes around words like “orphan,” “orphanage,” “adoption” and “school.”</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">Like Maryse, actors in the disaster relief industry frame themselves as agents of change, those individuals who can “<a href="https://budgetboost.co/ways-to-give-when-you-dont-have-much-money-to-spare/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">make
a difference</span></a>”—while collecting a hefty income in the process. Each of these actors exploits the narrative that these children would be turned into
<i>restavčks </i>or face other forms of abuse within Haiti as justification for turning these children into economic projects.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">The reality for these children is that NGOs were not offering tangible change or better options, a fact I witnessed firsthand when I went to Minustah (Mission des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation
en Haďti), the U.N. compound in Port-au-Prince, to report two child-trafficking operations. The head of UNICEF waved away my concerns, telling me to go “next door” to report what I had learned to the police because UNICEF “doesn’t deal with child trafficking.”
I went next door and the head of police told me that, with the vast operations of child-trafficking in the country, added to the loss of resources that the NGOs and the U.N. were co-opting, it was hard for him to do his job. Even the police had a hard time
moving around the city: The main roads in Port-au-Prince during rush hours were made up of U.N. and NGO vehicles, along with the local tap-tap (transport made from brightly painted pickup trucks with makeshift seating in the back). The foreign-aid worker presence
in the country was not just pervasive, it was patently colonial. It was as if Haitians were visitors in their own country.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">The billions of dollars thrown at international organizations and the almost complete lack of funds spent on the Haitian infrastructure has imprisoned Haitians within structures chosen and created
for them by <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/10/13/haitians-are-desperate-for-help-but-they-dont-want-it-from-the-american-red-cross/?utm_term=.d1348efee1a1" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">foreign organizations</span></a>. After the 2010 earthquake, foreign aid flooded Haiti, with the United Nations stating that
<a href="https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=$13.34+billion+haiti+earmarked" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">$13.34 billion</span></a> had been earmarked for the crisis through 2020. Less than half this amount has been released. Foreign aid has become its own economy.
<a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/660062/SID-2017b.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">Hundreds of billions</span></a> of dollars are spent annually by NGOs such as the
<a href="https://thegrio.com/2016/10/07/haiti-hurricane-relief-exploitation/" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">Red Cross</span></a>, World Vision, Oxfam and Save the Children, alongside money raised by taxation and distributed by government agencies such as the U.K.’s Department for International Development and the
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). Governments around the planet redirect money toward such intergovernmental agencies as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and United Nations agencies invested in development
strategies. These are just a few examples of the thousands of agencies that receive “foreign aid” today, with USAID’s budget for 2019 coming in at
<a href="https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/277155.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">$37.8 billion</span></a>, while members of the OECD’s Development Assistance Committee received an operating budget of
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2015/apr/08/foreign-aid-spending-2014-least-developed-countries" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">$135 billion in 2014</span></a>. And this is a drop in the bucket when you include NGO budgets.
</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">It is vital to understand that Haiti is about the size of Massachusetts, with an economy of primarily foreign interests, especially since the 2010 quake.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">A 2012 compilation revealed
<a href="https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/1426185_file_Ramachandran_Walz_haiti_FINAL_0.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">980 registered NGOs</span></a> operating in the country. When corrected for the many unregistered NGOs with no website presence or which are operating as sub-agencies for overseas operations, the number is likely
in the thousands.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">So, between the vast numbers of international agencies present and the immense amount of money plunged into “development” and “relief” in the country, what are the NGOs accomplishing in Haiti?
The NGO projects are striking: solar ovens galore, when no Haitian cooks with ovens, and more child welfare agencies than you can count. But what are agencies whose stated mission involves the welfare of children actually doing to safeguard them, especially
female children, who face the highest risks of violence?</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">It came as no surprise when my third encounter with traffickers occurred as I was leaving the Minustah complex a week later. I had just finished a meeting on water, sanitation and hygiene. Outside
the gates, next to the U.N. guards from Nigeria, a colleague and I were approached by three men holding horizontal strips of children’s photos, ranging from infants to adolescents. Showing us documents from the Office of Social Services certifying their orphanage
from 2001, these men first asked for money for these “orphans,” but later asked if we wanted a child. Pulling out my cellphone, I pretended to speak but actually recorded our encounter by taking pictures of this incident.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">Two days later, I visited the orphanage, Orphelinat de Sion in Arcahaie, with my fake husband, Rodrigo. What we found was not an orphanage, but an encampment of
<i>restavčks</i> and 32 trafficked children. One of the children, age 14, told me she had been trafficked by two separate sets of people and had been sexually abused in the process, including by a foreign aid worker posing as a medical specialist. Her dream
was to go to the United States and find her family. Another girl, age 7, had no memory of her mother or the rest of her family. She regarded the plantation where she worked in the sugar cane fields as home, and told me of being sexually assaulted by caretakers.
All the female children were dressed in tatters, although the director of the “orphanage” and his son were well-dressed. The children slept in two rooms, approximately 8 by 14 feet. In the boys’ room, there were two beds on frames for adults, and three mattresses
on the floor to be divided by 16 boys. The girls had no mattresses, although there were two proper beds for the female guardians. There were no changes of clothes for any of the children, but there were, apparently staged for our arrival, three chalkboards
on which were scrawled complex English sentences. The children did not understand any English. It was a “benevolent” theater set prepared for the exchange of children for money.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">A few days later, a humanitarian worker for Save the Children working with UNICEF sought me out. She reported being harassed and thwarted from doing her job within the U.N. Fed up with being told
not to work on issues related to child trafficking—her mandate while in Haiti—she wanted to help me investigate child-trafficking in Haiti. We began working on examining the pervasiveness of trafficking, incidentally discovering the ineffectiveness of NGO
and U.N. efforts within the country. To quote one colleague we worked with, UNICEF and other agencies merely “move the furniture around” by employing humanitarian workers for short periods. Most of their time is spent planning, meeting, drafting actions and
fundraising to pay the high salaries for all the wheel-spinning. Meanwhile, little got done. There was talk of establishing
<a href="https://www1.essex.ac.uk/armedcon/story_id/000096.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">safe houses</span></a> and <a href="https://plan-uk.org/file/final-full-report-a-time-of-transitionpdf/download?token=ovOQNJFL" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">counseling programs</span></a> for
<i>restavčk</i> children along the Dominican border; plans to announce free education for children even though the money was
<a href="https://www.unicef.org.hk/upload/NewsMedia/dowload/international/Haiti_2yearsReport.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">funneled through UNICEF</span></a>; launches of
<a href="https://www.datapine.com/online-reporting" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">reporting software</span></a> meant to keep track of
<a href="https://www.unicef.org/about/annualreport/files/Haiti_2015_COAR.pdf" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">family histories</span></a> in the southeast. These gestures resulted in the Haitian infrastructure being almost entirely dependent upon U.N. and NGO models and funding.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">Why isn’t the <a href="https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2018/02/22/are-ngos-haiti-doing-more-harm-good" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;">
<span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">goal of these NGOs</span></a> ultimately to leave the country?</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">Haitian girls and women are especially subject to the abuse rampant within the prevailing economic development model, which views dark-skinned bodies as a commodity. Western money makes this practice
sustainable. As Graham Hancock wrote in his seminal work on this subject, “<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Lords-Poverty-Prestige-Corruption-International/dp/0871132532" style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193); text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color:#932A03; text-decoration:none">The
Lords of Poverty</span></a>,” development “is nothing more than a transaction between bureaucrats—a deal that gets done, in the name of others, by intermediaries and brokers.
</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt; font-family:Lora; color:#363636">____________________________________________________</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: windowtext;">
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