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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> WUNRN_LISTSERVE-owner@lists.wunrn.com [mailto:WUNRN_LISTSERVE-owner@lists.wunrn.com]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>WUNRN LISTSERVE<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, April 10, 2017 7:30 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> WUNRN ListServe <wunrn_listserve@lists.wunrn.com><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [WUNRN] Women's Crucial Role in Combating Climate Change<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">WUNRN<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http://www.wunrn.com/&c=E,1,7gzErnzdCXW-NEeHUpBsVTIP3_uHzFAZj2oLTMRY0nI6L59ZomwRhq_gLTe1-OsSOrT2dUbpOnaSWTSyFAeN-XYjENL3OEgaKngghTGe&typo=1">http://www.wunrn.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/01/us/womens-crucial-role-in-combating-climate-change.html?_r=0">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/01/us/womens-crucial-role-in-combating-climate-change.html?_r=0</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Via WEDO<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:20.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Women’s Crucial Role in Combating Climate Change<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><img border="0" width="666" height="444" id="Picture_x0020_9" src="cid:image005.jpg@01D2B178.6616D550" alt="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/04/02/us/02CLIMATE1sub/02CLIMATE1sub-master768.jpg"></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Students wearing masks amid heavy air pollution in Jinan, China. - Credit STR/Agence France-Presse - Getty Images
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">By
<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/alina-tugend" title="More Articles by ALINA TUGEND">
<span style="color:blue">ALINA TUGEND</span></a> - APRIL 1, 2017 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">The link between
<a href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/science/topics/globalwarming/index.html?inline=nyt-classifier" title="Recent and archival news about global warming.">
<span style="color:blue">climate change</span></a> and women’s rights may seem baffling to some.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">But for Zandile Gumede, the first female mayor of Durban, South Africa, they are inextricably woven
together. She was elected last year in part on a promise to address environmental problems in the region, and engaging more women in the effort is crucial to finding solutions, she said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Ms. Gumede, 55, knows something about the kind of political activism she is encouraging. She grew up
in South Africa’s era of racial apartheid and rose through the ranks of Nelson Mandela’s African National Congress.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Women are more vulnerable to the effects of climate change and are less likely to be educated as scientists
or represented on committees that make decisions about environmental sustainability, she said. So, among other initiatives, her local government is partnering with universities to ensure that more women get degrees in the sciences.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Durban, one of the largest cities in South Africa, is grappling, like the rest of the country, with
one of the worst droughts in its history. Increasing urbanization and industrialization, pollution from trucks entering and exiting the city’s port, the largest in the country, and contaminated waterways exacerbate the growing environmental crisis.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">“Climate change is a daily issue for us,” she said. “And women must be a part and parcel of everything.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Since weather affects everyone, the idea that women are more susceptible to the effects of climate change,
particularly in developing countries, may strike some as puzzling. But women are more likely to collect water, food and firewood, and to cook meals — and therefore feel the brunt of extreme weather, disappearing water resources and soil degradation more keenly,
according to a 2009 United Nations <a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/state_of_world_population_2009.pdf&c=E,1,TFpD_R-0mjCwy0drYZ7H5x-4FBrieckYL4w6bZ_Cy4YTxpygW3mv_ZmhQGUTomtj1hxu8Ir7vCA0gHcVIH4xoW-ApPTWVtU26-2Tr6SAhw2oW6c36_k,&typo=1">
<span style="color:blue">report</span></a>. Women also make up a large part of the agricultural work forces in many developing nations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><img border="0" width="315" height="268" id="Picture_x0020_10" src="cid:image002.jpg@01D2AE5B.04563060" alt="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/04/02/us/02CLIMATE3/02CLIMATE3-master315-v2.jpg"></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Mayor Helen Fernández of Caracas, Venezuela - Credit Brendan McDermid/Reuters
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http://www.prb.org/Publications/Articles/2012/women-vulnerable-climate-change.aspx&c=E,1,ULEvz68a-7MaK9S7xQDdrwzMGBzdrakjurY6yQbrfIZzJ4M50eKtDpIGxMx_Rmg4o4pViLrvLWCgs_wheu1jI37sL16AFiDoL9-S4bgpisZQqyyDQ6qoP6Q,&typo=1"><span style="color:blue">Research</span></a>
has also shown that when resources are scarce, women often give food to their husbands and sons while denying themselves and their daughters. And when air pollution causes a spike in illnesses such as asthma — which is happening in Durban, Ms. Gumede said
— it is typically the mother who stays home to care for the sick children, reducing her productivity and career growth.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">“A few years ago, climate change was considered gender-neutral,” said Naoko Ishii, chief executive of
the nonprofit <a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=https://www.thegef.org/&c=E,1,I3V8uwXyRHi82y7KPfCdDlLbHeFlPyACXsmkEJb044EItqCRtHiae1fHgj_Plw3BIWqlzlrI5XUdvwdmJ-XCm5JTBZ2IqVixV5h-qWZsa1qiIxBRiC8BhHE,&typo=1">
<span style="color:blue">Global Environment Facility</span></a>, which works on climate issues. “But when we did a gender analysis, gender neutral actually mean gender-ignorant.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">As a sign of the growing recognition of the connection between women’s rights and climate change, last
month, the first C40 Women4Climate conference was held in Manhattan, bringing together female mayors from around the world.
<a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http://www.c40.org/&c=E,1,jZMGemT-1HiyMNfyC8h7vu3_bJCGdEE7a5Cx7Sb9Qvv-9JzY82xC6kL28J4UWvPtB4rIjEzys40YMJv92VdBeF1WzPmXN3SRu0dqobWc3hFA&typo=1">
<span style="color:blue">C40 Cities</span></a> is an umbrella organization representing more than 90 cities focused on tackling climate change; Michael R. Bloomberg, former mayor of New York City, is president of its board.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">For Patricia de Lille, mayor of Cape Town, the effects of climate change constitute an urban emergency.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">“In my city, we have 120 days of usable water left,” she said. “We have to litigate climate change every
day.” The city, among other initiatives, plans to become the first in Africa to use electric buses for its public transport system and aims to install more than 100,000 solar water heaters on the roofs of Cape Town homes within three years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">“The crisis has brought some opportunity,” she noted. “Over two years, we’ve trained 4,000 young people
to fix plumbing leaks.” And on a larger scale, she hopes that by 2020, as much as 20 percent of her city’s energy will come from renewable sources.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><img border="0" width="315" height="268" id="Picture_x0020_11" src="cid:image003.jpg@01D2AE5B.04563060" alt="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/04/02/us/02CLIMATE4/02CLIMATE4-master315.jpg"></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Mayor Virginia Raggi of Rome - Credit Vincenzo Pinto/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">City governments are more agile than their state and federal counterparts, and can more quickly move
to put in place creative environmental solutions — such as limiting some downtown streets to pedestrians only, as has recently been done in Paris and New York City.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">“Cities produce 70 percent of greenhouse gases,” said Anne Hidalgo, the mayor of Paris and the chairwoman
of C40. “Mayors are a very pragmatic people, we are very concrete people. In government, you’re sometimes distant from reality, but we’re close to everything, and that’s a strength.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">And cities are more able to link environmentalism with civic activity, said Helen Fernández, the mayor
of Caracas, Venezuela, who said that women in her city “have taken initiative and are on the front lines of the struggle.” But while women are active on a more local level, she added, they are often left behind as issues move upward through government levels.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Private companies, especially those that employ large numbers of women, also have a responsibility to
address the disparate impact of climate change, said Alexandra Palt, chief sustainability officer for L’Oréal, the world’s largest beauty company and one of the founding partners of Women4Climate. “I don’t think climate change is becoming a gender issue,”
Ms. Palt said. “But I think you have to take gender into account to respond in the most effective way to human suffering.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">For example, L’Oréal uses more than 1,000 tons of shea butter annually in its products, she said. In
poverty-stricken Burkina Faso, women collect the nuts of the African shea tree and do most of the processing to produce the butter. That includes using large amounts of firewood to boil the nut, which contributes to deforestation. L’Oréal is part of an effort
to install cookstoves that use 50 percent less firewood to replace the traditional ones.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Ten years ago, the emphasis “was all about creating new income for women and helping them develop economic
models,” Ms. Palt said. “Now climate change is becoming more and more important. It’s about their survival.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><img border="0" width="315" height="267" id="Picture_x0020_12" src="cid:image004.jpg@01D2AE5B.04563060" alt="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/04/02/us/02CLIMATE5/02CLIMATE5-master315-v2.jpg"></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Mayor Zandile Gumede of Durban, South Africa - Credit Brendan McDermid/Reuters
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">In the United States, Jess Morales Rocketto, a longtime community activist, pointed to the example of
“Little Miss Flint,” as the 9-year old Amariyanna Copeny is known. Her online activism helped persuade President Barack Obama to visit Flint, Mich., last year to address the city’s water crisis. Mari, as she is called, took part in the Women’s March in January
and has continued to rally concern about the polluted drinking water.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">“Little Miss Flint is a climate leader,” said Ms. Morales Rocketto, who attended the C40 conference.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">The connection between climate change and gender is also about ensuring that women play crucial roles
in setting the international agenda on climate change.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">For example, with the landmark
<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/04/business/energy-environment/paris-climate-change-agreement-official-now-what.html">
<span style="color:blue">Paris Agreement on climate change</span></a>, which went into effect last year, women worked “at the top level and had a very important role,” Ms. Hidalgo said. “When men and women mix together with very different experiences, you have
a good result. We make things more open than when men work alone.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">But as Ms. de Lille said: “The signing of the Paris Agreement was the easy part. What follows is implementation,
implementation, implementation. After the Paris Agreement, I went back to my city and made sure that every department is overlaid with climate considerations.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">The political atmosphere is different now — certainly in the United States — than when the agreement
was signed. President Trump has opposed it and has called climate change a “hoax.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">His opposition may not make finding solutions easy, but “in a way it’s irrelevant what one administration
or leader is doing,” said Eleanor Blomstrom, co-director of the <a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http://wedo.org/about-us&c=E,1,EARlqXWiZJUtY_tXzS1vlheBs5uZeVCMZHNX3zBABZniINoUvPL6-Xol21Q7y_IdNGy8dPDn6ZOrDYal3z_Sg8EiUHS5AU3JfN723JeN0XmAylLt4g,,&typo=1">
<span style="color:blue">Women’s Environment & Development Organization</span></a>, an advocacy group. “I don’t think one administration should change how we address such an urgent issue.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">For Ms. Hidalgo, “President’s Trump’s words are not enough to stop this process.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">“To be a skeptic today is to deny reality,” she said. “We are the last generation that can act to save
the planet.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">_______________________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></p>
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